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Year: 2019, Issue: December
1
Retinal pigment migration exhibits photic adaptation in the eyes of the butterfly (Pieris brassicae) and moth (Philosamia ricini).
Sentimenla, Praveen Punj Pankaj and Bendang, Ao
Pages:
01-05
2019
December
Photoreceptors, Vision, 5-hydroxytryptamine, Cyclic AMP, Colchicine, Pigment granules, Dopamine.
There is radial movement of pigment granules in normal light adapted eyes of both the butterfly (Pieris brassicae) and moth (Philosamia ricini) whereas in the dark adapted state, there is peripheral distribution of the pigment granules. However all parts of retina do not respond equally. Further, treatment with 5-hydroxytryptamine, cyclic AMP and colchicine completely reverses the movement pattern of the pigments exhibiting a migration pattern similar to a light adapted state. This is thought to be due to dopamine release that acts as a secondary messenger in addition to affecting the microtubules. Similarly, the brain of dark adapted insects shows a large accumulation of neurosecretory material in the form of compact granules, whereas light adapted insects show a significant reduction.
2
In Utero exposure to third-generation antiepileptic drugs, clobazam and eslicarbazepine acetate : Impact on postnatal growth and development in rat offspring.
Kiran Gupta, Niharika Verma and K. P. Singh
Pages:
07-10
2019
December
Antiepileptic drugs, Clobazam, Eslicarbazepine acetate, Pregnancy, Postnatal growth, Rat.
Newer antiepileptic drugs are used to care seizures in pregnant women may cause growth impairment
in developing fetuses. There are little concern has been taken about pregnant women and their fetal development
(body weight) as well as the long-lasting impact on postnatal growth of the offspring. Sperm positive female Wistar
rats were exposed to different doses of third-generation antiepileptic drugs, clobazam (CLB) (1, 2 and 3 mg/kg) and
eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) (123.33, 246.66 and 369.99 mg/kg) from gestation day (GD) 6-21 orally with control/
vehicle-treated subjects. Food and water were provided ad libitum to pregnant rats. On day GD 21, pregnant dams
were allowed to deliver naturally and their pups were reared up to the postnatal day (PND) 70. The offspring's body
weight was also recorded weekly up to 10th weeks of age. Gestational exposure to CLB and ESL induced a dosedependent
substantial reduction in fetal weight loss, and long-lasting negative impact on postnatal development and
growth of rat offspring at birth and continued till PND 70. This study concludes that in utero exposure to equivalent
therapeutic doses of CLB and ESL induced postnatal growth retardation and development of rat offspring. Further,
clinical and non-clinical studies are urgently warranted on this important therapeutic issue.
3
Potential of B.cereus (Accession No. KC172044.1) as a probiotic degrader of chlorpyrifos.
Satyamvada Swayamprabha, Tanuja and Sonal Suman
Pages:
11-14
2019
December
Isolation, Bacteria, Chlorpyrifos, Contaiminated, Agricultural soil
Chlorpyrifos is a broad-spectrum, moderately toxic insecticide that has been widely used in the prevention of agricultural pests. In the present study seven chlorpyrifos pesticide utilizing bacteria were isolated and identified through cultural and biochemical tests as strains of Bacillus sps., Staphylococcus sps., Coccus sps., Bacillus sps. was identified as Bacillus cereus by 16 srRNA analysis. Their growth in minimal salt medium supplemented with 200 µg/ml and 250 µg/ml of Chlorpyrifos was monitored at optical density of 600 nm. The result showed that Bacillus cereus had maximum growth at fourth days. The results of this research indicated that the isolated bacteria can be used for bioremediation of Chlorpyrifos contaminated soil.
4
Rediscription of morphological characterization of entomoparasitic nematode Hammerschimidtiella diesingi (Hammerschmidt,1838) from American cockroach Periplaneta americana (L).
S. V. Gavali, Ashok Mote and S. N. Borde
Pages:
15-17
2019
December
Cockroach, Hammerschimidtiella diesingi, Nematode, Periplaneta americana.
Cockroach Periplaneta americana collected from different localities of Aurangabad city. Hammerschimidtiella diesingi population was detected from hind gut of Periplaneta americana. The morphological characterization of present species is compared with previous record. Most of measurements are much higher than the values known for the species and new data is recorded by this investigation.
5
Diversity indices of birds of Tilyar lake, Rohtak (Haryana).
Jagjeet Singh, Priyanka, Annu and Vinay Malik
Pages:
19-22
2019
December
Avian fauna, Diversity indices, Species richness, Tilyar lake, Rohtak.
The diversity indices of the birds of the Tilyar lake, Rohtak were measured from July,2017-April,2019. Birds were observed by point count method and data collection was done fortnightly. A total of 3061 birds belonging to 75 species were recorded. A stable population trend was exhibited by n=26 (34.67%) birds species while n=13 (17.38%) birds species showed unknown population trend. Out of total 75 species 46 (61.33%) were common and only 7 (9.33%) were rare species. The Indian Cormorant (Phalacrocorax fuscicollis) was the most abundant species whereas the Comb Duck (Sarkidiornis melanotos) and the Eurasian Thick Knee (Burhinus oedicnemus) were least abundant species in the Tilyar lake. The species richness as calculated by Menhinick's Index and by Margalef's index were 1.33 and 9.18 respectively. The evenness of lake's community was 0.88 with a species richness of 75. The Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson's Index (1-D) were 3.79 and 0.95 respectively. These biodiversity indices showed both species richness and abundance of bird species in the Tilyar lake, suggesting implementation of appropriate protective measures for the conservation of its avian fauna.
6
Photoperiodic regulation of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in lung of diabetic rat.
Rajesh Kumar Kharwar, Vaishali Singh and Krishna Yadav
Pages:
23-26
2019
December
Photoperiod, Melatonin; Free radical load, SOD, MDA.
In the present study we noted the effects of different photoperiodic regimes, i.e. long (LP; 20L:4D), short (SP; 4L:20D) and natural day length under diabetic condition in albino rats. We checked the oxidative stress of lung tissue by noting down the variation in antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) levels and lipid peroxidation in terms of malondialdehyde level. SP increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation. LP decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased lipid peroxidation. These findings suggest that photoperiodicaly regulated melatonin might be acting as an antioxidant for the free radical load of lung tissue during diabetic condition.
7
Hepatoprotective and antioxidative potential of Zingiber officinale extract in 7,12 dimethylbenz(A) Anthracene oral carcinogenesis in rodent model.
A. Shukla and V. K. Sharma
Pages:
27-30
2019
December
Zingiber officinale, DMBA, Hepatoprotective, DMSO, Squamous cell carcinoma, LPO, SOD, Catalase
In the present study Zingiber officinale (extract) was investigated for hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity against a potent chemical carcinogen dimethyl benz[a]anthracene. Oral cancers were developed in male wistar rats oral cavity by painting with 0.2% DMBA in DMSO thrice a week for 16 weeks. Hundred percent tumor formation (well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma) was noticed in rats treated with DMBA alone. Oral administration of Zingiber officinale extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg to wistar rats treated with DMBA reduced the extent of tumor formation as well as in addition resumed the normal histoarchitecture of liver tissues and showed hepatoprotective activity. Administration of Zingiber officinale (500 mg/kg BW) in the T1 group caused significant reduction of LPO values and significant enhancement in the levels of SOD and Catalase as campared to the DMBA intoxicated group. In conclusion Zingiber officinale (extract) exhibits good hepatoprotective, curative and antioxidant potential against DMBA-induced hepatic dysfunction probably with one possibility of reduction in free radical generation.
8
A checklist of avian diversity of Kota (Rajasthan).
Meenakshi Mayangar Marmath
Pages:
31-33
2019
December
Diverse, Indicator, Habitat, Resident, Migrant
Birds often constitute the most diverse and attractive fauna of any region. They have very specific habitat and behavior making them the most suitable indicator of habitat condition in an area. Kota in Rajasthan has a rich population of both resident and migrant avian species. A total of 62 species were sighted during the survey. Out of these 54 were resident species and 8 were migratory birds. Birds sightings were more in areas which had ample water, trees and greenery. Great Indian Bustard (state bird of Rajasthan) and Vulture could not be spotted in this survey. Serious efforts for conservation of these birds are required.
9
Effect of different photoperiods of lung associated cellular immunity of diabetic Albino rat.
Rajesh Kumar Kharwar, Vaishali Singh and Krishna Yadav
Pages:
35-38
2019
December
LAIS, Photoperiod, Melatonin, Immunity, Diabetes
To study the effect of photoperiod on lung associated cellular immunity in diabetic rats, different photoperiod regimens were used. These were - Long photoperiod (LP; 20L:4D), Short photoperiod (SP; 4L:20D) and natural day length for control group. The cell mediated immunity was evaluated in terms of size of Bronchus Associated Lymphoid Tissue (BALT) and non-BALT nodules and percent stimulation ratio of lung isolated lymphocytes which was supported by peripheral lymphocyte count (percent). Short photoperiod increased bronchusassociated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and non-BALT nodule size, peripheral lymphocyte count and percent stimulation ratio of lymphocytes. LP decreased the above-mentioned immune parameters suggesting that photoperiod might be regulating lung-associated immune system (LAIS) via melatonin during diabetic condition.
10
Correlation analysis of factors affecting osteoporosis in females.
Meenakshi Mayangar Marmath
Pages:
39-40
2019
December
Osteoporosis, Body mass index, Bone mineral density
Correlation of various factors associated with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is studied to observe their interrelationship. The determinants studied are age, age at menopause, T-score and Z-score (bone density), and body mass index.
11
Rotifers diversity and their seasonal fluctuation in lentic and lotic system of Bishnupur district in Manipur Northeast, India.
Maibam Bimola, O. Shashikumar Singh, Chitra J. and Devashish Kar
Pages:
41-44
2019
December
Rotifer, Phubala irrigation canal, Thongjaolok, Yenapat, Manipur
Rotifers are important group of zooplankton and acts as good indicators of the changes in water quality as they are strongly affected by environmental conditions and respond quickly to changes in water quality. The present paper reports on diversity and seasonal fluctuation of rotifers in three different freshwater bodies of Manipur during 2013-2015. The three freshwater bodies selected for the study viz. Thongjaolok stream (24°30” N latitude and 93°45” E longitude), Phubala Irrigation Canal (24°60” N latitude and 93°79” E longitude) and Yenapat lake (24°38” N latitude and 93°48” E longitude) of Bishnupur district Manipur. Relative abundance of the diversity of rotifer in the concerned freshwater bodies were taken into consideration. About 21 species of rotifers were recorded from 5 families where Euchlanis lyra were recorded for the first time from Manipur.
12
Studies on the reconstruction of mercury cycling pattern in Gandhisagar reservoir ecosystem, Mandsaur district, Madhya Pradesh.
Jayasree Thilak
Pages:
45-48
2019
December
Gandhisagar reservoir, Heavy metal, Mercury, Biota, Sediment, Macrophyte, Plankton, Macroinvertebrates.
The study attempts to evaluate the heavy metal (mercury) pollution status in water, sediment, macrophyte, plankton, macroinvertebrates and fish (herbivorous and carnivorous) of Gandhisagar reservoir, Mandsaur district, Madhya Pradesh. The samples were acid digested and subjected to AAS analysis for Hg. The results showed that the metal in water, sediment, macrophyte, plankton, macroinvertebrates (benthos) and fish are distinguishable with sediment and biota samples are more susceptible to metal accumulation. The Hg levels detected reveals that in the present study Hg accumulation is higher in all the food fishes than that of water and sediment which is suggesting biological transfer of heavy metals through food chain.
13
Limnological studies in a pond of Gaya district.
Shahi Aalia Tabassum and Aftab Ahmad Khan
Pages:
49-50
2019
December
Limnology, Seasonal pond, Gaya district.
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the magnitude of physico-chemical and biological parameters of water in a seasonal pond (namely, Katari Hill Pond, Gaya) with a view to assess its suitability for fish culture. The seasonal variations (for 8 months from July,2016-February,2017) in water temperature, transparency, pH, DO2, carbonate, bicarbonate, total alkalinity, chloride, calcium and plankton abundance etc. have been studied in this pond.
14
Biodegradability index of wastewater flowing through Farrukhabad to Varanasi (on catchment area of river Ganga) in Uttar Pradesh.
Devendra Kumar Soni, P. K. Mishra and Poonam Pandey
Pages:
51-56
2019
December
Biochemical & Chemical oxygen demand, BOD:COD ratio, Biodegradability index, Drain, Domestic.
The pollution load of organic/inorganic nature in these drains discharging effluent in river Ganga in the stretch between Farrukhabad to Varanasi, is being measured in terms of Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical oxygen demand (COD), different ions and bacteria. Assessment of biodegradability of wastewater is performed by the ratio of BOD:COD. In this study, total thirty five major drains meeting to river Ganga directly or indirectly between Farrukhabad to Varanasi, were consider for assessing the degree of their biodegradability. BOD:COD of different drains were found ranging 0.23-0.33, 0.31-0.45, 0.25-0.5, 0.35, 0.19-0.7, 0.32-0.4 and 0.38-0.46 at Farrukhabad, Kanpur, Unnao, Raebareli, Allahabad, Mirzapur and Varanasi respectively. Lower ratio indicated non-biodegradability of the wastewater. Study of physico-chemical characteristics, biodegradability index and pollution load helps planning the treatment strategies of wastewater. Based on the BOD:COD calculated for different drains, biodegradability of drain can be categorised as good - >0.5 (4 drains), moderate 0.3-0.5 (22 drains) and poor <0.3 (9 drains).
15
Survey of Dung beetle diversity in Jabalpur (M.P.).
Haninder Maini, Sanjay Kumar and Rahul Jain
Pages:
57-59
2019
December
Dung beetles, Diversity, Species composition
A survey of dung beetle diversity was conducted in the area of Jabalpur. The surveys were conducted during the active season from (April-October) of dung beetles at total eleven sites, viz., Gour river, Dumna nature reserve, Mandla road, TFRI forest, Bargi, Narmada river, Bhedaghat, RDVV side, Adhartal, Sihora road and Ranjhi. These sites comprise all types of habitats, i.e. forest areas, river banks, grasslands, road sides and domestic areas. Dung beetles were collected by bait traps, baited with different kinds of dung especially with cattle dung. A total of 1648 dung beetles were collected under 25 species, 9 genera and 3 subfamilies by performing each site with single to three visits. Some of the dominant species of dung beetle were Onthophagous mopsus, O. catta, O. bonasus, Oniticellus spinipes and Aphodius lividus. The surveys were conducted only to check the dung beetle fauna present in the regions of Jabalpur and surrounding areas. Some beetles were attracted to only a specific type of bait Neelgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) dung. This specificity of preference is also an important aspect for further research. The fauna recorded was found on declining rate during the survey in comparison to earlier records of dung beetle fauna from the area.
16
Studies on the effect of supplementary feeding on certain haematological indices in a fresh water teleost, Channa marulius (Ham).
Dibya Kumari and Vijay Kumar
Pages:
61-63
2019
December
Supplementary feeds, Fish, Blood parameters
In the present work an attempt has been made to study the effect of different kinds of supplementary feeding on certain blood parameters in a freshwater air breathing murrel fish, Channa marulius (Ham.). Different haematological values in control (Group I) group of fishes were RBC counts, 2.1±0.006 million/mm3; Hb content, 10.8± 0.10 g%; PCV or haematocrit value, 32.0±1.42; MCH, 5.143 pg; MCV, 15.42 mm3 and MCHC, 33.75%. The experimental animals were fed with six (Group II-VII) types of supplementary feeds which caused significant increase in RBC counts, Hb content and PCV values as compared to control which is indicative of the facts that experimental animals become more healthy as compared to control. The reason for such changes have been discussed in this paper.
17
Alterations of clinical parameters in 7,12 Dimethylbenz [A] Anthracene (DMBA) induced oral squamous cell carcinoma rat model.
A. Shukla and V. K. Sharma
Pages:
65-66
2019
December
Squamous cell carcinoma, DMBA, Clinical manifestations.
The present study focused on the alteration in clinical manifestations including body weight, food intake, coat pattern, behavioural symptoms and locomotory activities on oral carcinoma wistar rat model. Squamous cell carcinoma has been developed with the chronic exposure of DMBA (0.2%) on rat oral epithelium for the time period of 120th days. Significant alterations in clinical parameters have been reported including decrease in body weight, variation in fur pattern, significant sign of lethargy, dizziness and some reported with convulsions.
18
Studies on chronic toxicity of sublethal concentration of zinc sulphate on certain haematobiochemical profiles in Indian cat fish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch).
Seema Kumari
Pages:
67-69
2019
December
Chronic toxicity, Zinc sulphate, Haemato-biochemical profiles.
Studies on chronic toxicity (for 10th, 20th and 30th days) of sublethal concentration of zinc sulphate (a heavy metal at 8.82 mg/l) on certain haemato-biochemical profiles have been made in an Indian catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch). Except blood glucose (which showed significant increase) both, plasma protein and blood urea registered statistically significant decrease as compared to control after chronic treatment of sublethal concentration of zinc sulphate in this fish. The details have been discussed in this paper.
19
Efficacy of biocides on suppression of plant diseases-an alternative strategy for plant disease management.
Manoranjan Chakraborty
Pages:
71-74
2019
December
Biocide, Botanicals, Cymbopogon, Neem, Ocimum, Phytoextracts.
Some plants contain components that are toxic to pathogens. When extracted from the plant and applied on infested crops, these components are called botanical pesticides or botanicals or biocides. Many plant extracts or allelochemicals show an antagonistic inhibitory activity against plant pathogens and such products have long been used as attractive alternatives to synthetic chemical fungicides for plant diseases management practices because they pose little threat to the environment and human health. Plants from several families have been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological activities against insect pests, plant pathogens; some of which are now widely accepted in plant pathological studies. In the context of agricultural disease management, biocides are best suited for use in organic food production in developed countries but can play a much greater role in the production and post-harvest protection of food in developing countries. Despite major research interest a decade ago, antifeedants, especially neem and azadirachtin based products have made a relatively modest impact in the field. Essential oil products have recently emerged as the most important botanical insecticides. The present review emphasizes the biological activities of phytoextracts, role of botanical insecticides in integrated pest and disease management and also methods employed in the screening and application of such products.
20
Variation in host-pathogen interactions and phenotypic characteristic of Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes isolates.
R. Udhayakumar, K. Rajamohan, R. Sutha Raja Kumar, S. Sanjay Gandhi, L. Vengadesh Kumar and M. Thamarai Selvi
Pages:
75-78
2019
December
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Pathogenicity variation, Morphological and cultural characteristics.
Pathogenicity variation, morphological and cultural characteristic of C.gloeosporioides isolates were studied under in vitro condition. The level of pathogenicity varied between the isolates, among the ten isolates of C.gloeosporioides, the isolate I10 recorded the maximum disease incidence of 30.66% in spray inoculation method, 37.73% in detached leaf technique and 60.12% in pin prick method. In morphological and cultural characteristic study, the isolates of C.gloeosporioides showed variation with respect to colony colour. The colour of the isolates varied from normal white to light grey, grayish brown, grayish white, pinkish and pinkish brown. Among the isolates of C.gloeosporioides, the maximum mycelial growth (90.00 mm) was recorded by the isolates I3 and I10 followed by I5 recorded 89.10 mm each at 7th days after inoculation. The minimum mycelial growth (21.68 mm) was recorded in I8. All the isolates of C.gloeosporioides varied in their ability to produce conidia on PDA. The maximum conidial population was recorded in I10 (14.16x106 conidia ml-1) also the acervuli production was excellent. This was followed by I6 recorded 12.10x106. The minimum conidial population (01.98x106) and poor acervuli production was recorded in I8.
21
Characterization of seed germination of four medicinal plants of family Leguminosae.
Arpita Banerjee and Arijit Sinhababu
Pages:
79-82
2019
December
Seed germination, Medicinal plants, Family Leguminosae.
Medicinal plants are precious and very useful for their life-saving contents. Therefore, regeneration of the medicinal species assumes crucial significance in the afforestation programme so as to ensure sustainable supply of these medicinal plants. Development of wasteland requires large quantities of seeds/seedlings of miscellaneous plant species. This calls for a detailed knowledge of seed behavior of different plant species. The present research paper, we try to characterize suitable germination method for four tree species of family Leguminosae (Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf., Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) K. Heyne., Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. and Saraca indica (Roxb.) de Wilde), which are used in afforestation programme in dry latarite area. To improve the low germination rate, seeds of these species were pretreated with hot water (80°C for 5 minutes) or with phyto-hormones (IAA or GA) and nitrogenous substances (Potassium nitrate and thiourea). Significant increase in germination percentage over control was observed in all species with hot water pretreatment. Pretreatment with hormones and nitrogenous substances also showed limited improvement in germination in some cases.
22
The present status and its major threats to a mycoheterotrophic orchid taxon Cymbidium macrorhizon Lindl. (Orchidaceae) of West Bengal, India.
Rajendra Yonzone and Adani Lokho
Pages:
83-84
2019
December
Orchidaceae, Cymbidium macrorhizon, Major Threats, West Bengal.
The present paper deals with the availability status and major threats of mycoheterotrophic Orchid taxon Cymbidium macrorhizon (Orchidaceae) of West Bengal. Detailed taxonomic description, status and distributions, phenology, updated nomenclature and photographs of the taxon are provided for easy identification.
23
Phytoplankton diversity of Tajbaj Khan pokhara, Hajipur, Vaishali (Bihar).
Mukesh Lal, Manisha Verma and Sonam
Pages:
85-88
2019
December
Seasonal variation, Phytoplonkton, TajBaj Khan Pokhra.
The seasonal variation of phytoplankton of TajBaj Khan Pokhra, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar in relation to different abiotic and biotic factor were studied. The major constituent of phytoplankton was Chlorophyceae (60.72%) followed by Cyanophyceae (29.55%) and Bacillariophyceae (9.69%). Each group showed different peaks period and was found to be related with duration of sunshine, temperature, turbidity, pH, D.O. and free carbon dioxide content of the pond water.
24
Pollen morphology of four fuel wood yielding tropical tree Legumes.
Arpita Banerjee and Arijit Sinhababu
Pages:
89-92
2019
December
Fuel wood, Legumes, Pollen morphology, SEM.
Variation in the pollen morphology of four fuel wood yielding tree species has been recorded under light and scanning electron microscope. Pollen are present in polyad condition in case of Acacia auriculiformis A.Cunn. and Acacia nilotica Willd., where as pollen are tricolporate in case other two fuel wood yielding tree species like Bauhinia variegata Linn. and Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Exine thickness was effectively greater in slow growing species than in fast growing species but length and width of colpi was distinctively higher in all fast growing species. Though all the investigated taxa belonging to the family Fabaceae, a difference between the fast and slow growing species on the basis of pollen morphological characters has been received.
25
Physico-chemical status of effluent discharged from a Chlor-alkali industry containing mercury at Ganjam (Odisha).
G. Padmavathi and B. Sujatha
Pages:
93-96
2019
December
Chlor-alkali industry, Physico-chemical analysis, Effluent, Mercury.
The effluent of a chlor-alkali industry (M/s. Jayashree chemicals Pvt. Ltd., Ganjam) showed significant variation at different points of collection. The effluent was toxic and contained significant amount of mercury as main pollutant. Different parameters studied indicated significant higher values. Each parameter studied singularly can be a pollutant and can severely affect the abiotic component of any aquatic ecosystem. The effluent is not discharged directly in to the river but the leaching of effluent from the storage tank and discharge of effluent periodically into the river, mixing of effluent with the flood water and final drainage into the river contaminating the river, estuary and Bay Bengal warrants attention.
26
Bioremediation of toxic heavy metals from electroplating effluents.
Shalini A. Tandon, Mrugank J. Thakore, Samir Dhapare and Rashmi Kumar
Pages:
97-101
2019
December
Bioremediation, Industrial effluent, Heavy metals, UV-spectroscopy, Microbial growth curve.
Huge quantities of heavy metals containing waste are produced from mining and metal finishing processes such as electroplating and electronic manufacturing industries. Recovery of heavy metals such as copper, zinc and chromium by biosorption has been studied in this work. Simulated samples were prepared based on composition of actual effluent collected from electroplating unit; Microbial strains effective in removing these metals were isolated by mixing the industrial effluents of the respective metals with sewage water. Metal removal capacity by these organisms from these simulated samples was tested by spectroscopic analysis after intervals of 2, 5 and 7 days. Study shows that 39.4% and 44.5% of zinc biosorption was observed for 60 mg/l and 80 mg/l zinc concentration samples respectively. The industrial effluent with zinc concentration of 82.5 mg/l gave similar results. Chromium present in the industrial effluent was 35.6 mg/l and gave a biosorption of 61% while chromium metal solutions of concentrations 30 mg/l and 40 mg/l gave biosorption of 64.8% and 62.9% respectively. The industrial effluent having copper concentration of 3.73 mg/l gets reduced to 1 mg/l by microbial action over 7 days.
27
Determination of tolerance level of Blue-Green Algae to different pesticides.
Vivek Singh
Pages:
102-104
2019
December
Pesticides tolerance, Dimecron, Malathion, Butachlor and 2,4-D.
Present study have been made on selected 24 strains of BGA. The pesticides - Dimecron (50% E.C.), Malathion (50% E.C.) 2,4-D (18% W.P.) and Butachlor (50% E.C.) have been to study the tolerance capabilities of those selected strains. The tolerance level of some BGA have been found that Dimecron and Butachlor were mostly inhibitory and could be tolerated only at 1 or 2 ppm concentrated. However Malathion could be tolerated from 10-25 ppm and 2,4-D from 25-100 ppm concentration.
28
Determination of the antioxidant potential of C.sinensis leaves and C.arabica seeds extracts.
Arpana Alia and Prerna Joshi
Pages:
105-107
2019
December
Antioxidant, Tea, Coffee, DPPH, Nitrus oxide etc.
The discovery of the medicinal plant drug provides new and important clues against various medicinal purposes, such as cancer, malaria, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. Antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities have been widely accepted in tea, in which antimicrobial and antioxidant activities occur. The equivalent to ascorbic acid was 0.996 milligrams/grams of extracts of total antioxidant capacity. DPPH was 0.994 mg/ gram of activity were found, which is equivalent to the removal of ascorbic acid. Tea leaves and coffee seeds of 20-100 µg/ml of ascorbic acid, and sedimentation of 0.255 mg/g, were extracted with methane sedation oxide. Due to the presence of various chemicals, tea leaves and coffee seeds have quality properties. Both exhibited antimicrobial activity against oral and intestinal flora.
29
a-Amylase production by Bacullus subtilis isolate from hot spring Unkeshwar, Nanded (M.S.).
A. V. Girde
Pages:
109-113
2019
December
Wild Bacillus subtilis, Alkaline thermostable a-amylase.
a-amylase, a catalytic protein from moderately thermophilic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis isolated from hot spring at Unkeshwar was investigated for its kinetics, thermostability and biosynthesis in various cultivation medium. Microbiological characterization of water sample indicated numerous bacterial species belonging to the genus Bacillus which included B.cereus, B.polymyxa, B.subtilis, B.megaterium and B.macerans. Amylase production test by all isolated bacterial species was studied as an index of starch degradation. Relative level of amylase activity produced by B.subtilis (Isolate UI-3) was higher as compared to that of other bacterial isolates, since it gave maximum zone of clearance on starch agar plate. Hence B.subtilis was used for further study. Amylase production profile of B.subtilis demonstrated amylase production after 10 hours which increased exponentially up to 40 hours at which the a-amylase yield was found to be 4.2 U/ml. pH and temperature optima for a-amylase activity for isolated wild Bacillus subtilis was found to be 8.5 and 65ºC respectively. Optimum time course of reaction and optimum substrate concentration for a-amylase activity was found to be 15 minutes (3.24 U/ml) and be 4 mg/ml respectively for wild B.subtilis.
30
Impact of solid waste of a chlor-alkali industry on BGA and its reclamation by plant extracts.
A. Leelaveni, N. H. H. Verma and A. K. Panigrahi
Pages:
115-119
2019
December
Reclamation, BGA, Solid waste, Chlor-alkali industry, Plant extract.
The present piece of work was designed to study the effect of the Basil and Calotropis extract on the SWE of a chlor-alkali industry on the blue-green alga, Westiellopsis prolifica, Janet and to find out a possible use of plant extracts (secondary metabolites) for reclamation of SWE of the chlor-alkali industry. A graded series of concentrations of the SWE was prepared and a pure culture of the alga, Westiellopsis prolifica, Janet was inoculated to find out the lethal concentration value or percent survival value. From this, the lethal concentration values were determined. The below three concentrations were selected- SWE LC00=0.1 ml/50 ml culture; SWE LC10=0.2 ml/50 ml culture; SWE
LC50=0.3 ml/50 ml culture for future experiments. No significant morphometric change was noticed in the exposed BGA. At higher concentrations of the SWE, bleaching of the filaments was marked. In other sets no bleaching was marked. Stimulation of growth was marked at lower concentration of the toxicant, as all growth parameters showed higher values, when compared to the control value. The data indicated that during 15th days of exposure, growth was restricted and all the pigments disappeared in the SWE when compared to standard control. The dry weight of the exposed alga showed significant increase in plant leaf extract applied cultures when compared to control and SWE exposed cultures. Significant increase in chlorophyll content was recorded in exposed cultures where plant leaf extract was applied when compared to the control value. Significant increase in phaeophytin and carotenoid content was recorded in plant leaf extract treatment, when compared to the control value. The changes noted indicated that the plant leaf extract detoxifies the mercury contaminated wastes (the wastes might be the solid waste or SWE or effluent). From the present experiment, it can be concluded that the cyanobacterium, Basil and Calotropis plant leaf extract can be applied in combination to the mercury contaminated wastes for total reclamation of the mercury contained wastes.
31
Ethnobotanical study of useful Climbers, Creepers and Twiners of Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University campus and adjoining areas of district Rajouri (J&K).
Tahir Mahmood
Pages:
121-128
2019
December
Ethnobotanical, Climbers, Creepers & Twiners of BGSBU dist. Rajouri (J&K).
The present study deals with climbers, creepers and twiners of Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, and adjoining areas of district Rajouri (J&K). Ethnomedicinal plants are necessary for treatment of various diseases and production of various medicines. The climbers, creepers and twiners are extensively used as medicine. The local people of dist. Rajouri use 43 climbers of the vascular plants for medicine, vegetable and fodder. As tradition culture is disappearing the knowledge about the plants wealth is going to lost. The information on climbers, creepers and twiners species is obtained while studying the flora of (J&K). Himalaya and medicinal plants of Prajapat/Prohit. For each plant its family, botanical name, vernacular name, common name, local name, english name, flowering period is given. As per the climatic condition the plants are showing their presence in different sites. Some plants species which are climbers creepers and twiners in their tendency are referred as climbers creepers and twiners. A climbing plant includes tendrils and twiners having adventitious roots on nodular part of the stem helpful for their climbers creepers and twiners on ant substratum. A total of 43 climbers, creepers and twiners species belonging to 36 families were recorded for the medicinal, vegetable and fodder. Among all the families Convolvulaceae were found to be most abundant having 6 species followed by Cucurbitaceae and Dioscoreaceae.
32
Pharmacognostic evaluation of stem of Madar [Calotropis procera (AIT.) R. Br.]
Rashmi Singh and Manoj Tripathi
Pages:
129-132
2019
December
Calotropis procera, Physico-chemical tests, HPTLC fingerprinting, Pharmacognostic study.
Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. of family Apocynaceae is widely used medicinal plant in folklore medicinal system from the Vedic period. It is commonly known as Arka in Ayurvedic medicinal system, where as Madar in Unani medicinal system. All parts of the plant are used to treat various human ailments like ringworm, teethache, cough, whooping cough, dysentery, headache, jaundice and also for preparation of ayurvedic compound formulations like Shoolhar tail and Arkelavana. The present communication provides a detailed account of the pharmacognostic evaluation carried out on Calotropis procera plant stem. The study includes macro and microscopic analysis, physicochemical parameters and High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting aspects. Established parameters can be used as standards for quality control and identification of the plants in compound formulations and also for preparation of a monograph of the plant.
33
Phytochemical study of Maerua oblongifolia (Forsk.) A rich and Marsdenia volubilis (L. F.) Benth. Ex. Hook F.
S. T. Chavan
Pages:
133-136
2019
December
Maerua oblongifolia (Forsk.), A. Rich and Marsdenia volubilis, (L. f.), Phytochemical study.
Maerua oblongifolia (Forsk.) A. Rich family : Capparidaceae and Marsdenia volubilis (L. f.) family- Asclepidaceae is wild species. These plants have been used in the indigenous system of medicine for a long time. Photochemistry is the chemical analysis of plant products. The chemicals present in root, stem and leaf drugs are analyzed physically as well as chemically by qualitative and quantitative means. The physical parameters like colour, odour and taste of powdered stem, root, leaf drugs serves as primary data for drug identification. Estimation, qualitative as well as quantitative, of various chemicals taken together is assumed to produce specific data useful in standardizing a particular drug. Phytochemical study the quantitative analysis of elements or chemicals like nitrogen, crude proteins crude fats, crude fibers, reducing sugars, non reducing sugars, total sugars etc. may fluctuate with the age of the plant, season of collection, hence these values are not considered as criteria. But their use in combination roughly gives the idea about purity of drug. Their values with little variation should be accepted as a base for standardizing a drug. The quantitative analysis of a single chemical or element should not be considered as strict criteria for standardization or evaluation similarly presence or absence of a chemical i.e. qualitative analysis of drug.
34
Hormonal regulation of spermatogenesis in male bat Scotophilus heathi : A mini review.
Kavita Singh, Vikas Kumar Roy and Amitabh Krishna
Pages:
137-139
2019
December
Bat, Male, Spermatogenesis, Testosterone, Testis.
Bats are one fourth (1/4) of the world total mammalian fauna numbering about a thousand species, but their populations are in decline worldwide. In order to succeed in conservation effects, knowledge of the reproductive strategies of bats is of utmost importance. The insectivorous vespertilionid bat, S.heathi, is selected here for detailed investigation because these bats are global in distribution and cover tropical, temperate and other zones. Bats vary widely in form, eological requirements and reproductive adaptation. Reproductive patterns in bats are markedly different from those of other mammals and demonstrate numerous unique features in reproductive processes. Various unique reproductive features have been evolved in bats for optimum timing of reproductive events coincides with the diverse nutitional needs. In males, spermatogenic peak are attained in November and January-February. Second peak of spermatogenesis in January-February coinciding with the period of copulation. Testicular recrudescence which begins in late September proceeds rather slowly in October but is accelerated in November resulting in the successive appearance of all types of spermatogenic cells up to spermatozoa. An arrest of spermatogenic activity is noticed in December, which also coincides with the period of seasonal adiposity in S.heathi. Mechanism by which seasonal adiposity causes testicular regression in S.heathi during December is not known and requires detailed investigation. The testis remains quiescent from April to September.
35
Toxicologial impact and residual accumulation of cadmium chloride on a fresh water fish, Oreochromis mossambicus, Peters under laboratory controlled conditions.
Pradeep Kumar Behera and A. K. Panigrahi
Pages:
141-144
2019
December
Residual cadmium, Exposed fish, Fish tissues, Accumulation, Excretion
The result showed that the MAC value of cadmium chloride was found to be 1.325 mg l-1 for 30th days and to be on the safe side 1.30 mg l-1 was considered for 28th days of the exposure for sub-lethal toxicological studies. The LC10, LC50, LC90 and LC100, values after 28th days were recorded to be 1.38, 1.74, 2.25 and 2.68 mg l-1 of cadmium chloride. No mortality of fish was recorded in the control set through out the period of toxicity testing. The control fish brain, liver, muscle and gill did not show any accumulation of cadmium indicating absence of any background cadmium and also indicated that the control aquarium was uncontaminated. The brain showed the least and gill & liver tissues showed the maximum accumulation after 28th days of exposure. The exposed muscle tissue showed higher accumulation when compared to brain but less than liver and gill filaments after 28d of exposure. The exposed fishes were transferred to toxicant free medium for 28th days to check the possible excretion of the metal from fish tissues. The residual cadmium content increased during recovery studies, might be due transfer of the metal from other tissues to the brain tissue. Whereas, excretion of this metal cadmium was observed in liver, muscle and gill tissues. The liver could excrete 21.9% after 28th days of recovery. The gill filaments showed the highest excretion to the tune of 77.3% followed by muscle, where 62.9% excretion was noted. Hundred percent recoveries were not observed in the cadmium exposed fishes.
36
Changes in the histology of thyroid gland of male and female spotted snake head fish Channa punctatus.
Poonam Kumari
Pages:
145-148
2019
December
Channa punctatus, Oviparous, Spotted snake head fish.
Channa punctatus, spotted snake head fish is a highly priced fresh water species in India. Histomorphology of gonads as well as changes in the thyroid glands of Channa punctatus have been studied during different months of the year. This fish is oviparous and breeds once a year during the rainy season (July-September). The thyroid gland of Channa punctatus is diffused and uncapsulated organ consisting of many separate follicles in the connective tissue scattered along the route of ventral aorta and afferent blood vessels. The changes in the thyroid follicles were found closely connected with the changes in the reproductive cycle. It clearly suggests the involvement of thyroid in controlling reproduction.
37
Silk dyeing with spinach natural dye using mordants.
M. N. Nagawanshi, Kirdat Pallavi and S. K. Rajurkar
Pages:
149-151
2019
December
Silk, Dye, Spinach extract, Detergent and mordant.
Silk is the natural fibre and commercially used in the textile industry. Silk is dyed in different colours, shades using natural and artificial or synthetic dyes for producing fabric used for different purposes. In the present study the dye obtain from spinach are used for dyeing silk fibres and the treatment of mordant and detergent was studied. Both spinach dye and mordant found suitable and fasten the colour.
38
A study on the effect of carbaryl toxicity in liver and alimentary canal of fresh water fish Clarias batrachus with references to its protein content.
Praveen Qureshi
Pages:
153-154
2019
December
Carbaryl, Intoxic, Disease, Pesticides, Gastrointestinal tract.
Pesticides provide useful tools to agriculturists and hygienists for crop protection and disease control. The use of pesticides has undoubtedly increased the agricultural output but on the other hand they have also poisoned the aquatic environment. Persistent of toxic chemicals in aquatic environment becomes dangerous for the survival of fish and their food organism as it is essential to study the toxic effect of pesticides on living organisms for evaluation of its impact on their aquatic environment. Present study indicates that Carbaryl is highly toxic to fish. Carbaryl creates great damage to the gastrointestinal tract and liver which are responsible for the digestion and absorption of the food material already taken in.
39
Studies on some aspects of fish culture in a pond (Mahendra Nath Pokhara) of Siswan block, district
Aphsna Bano and Vijay Kumar
Pages:
155-157
2019
December
Composite fish farming, Pond, Siswan block.
In the present work an attempt has been made to study physico-chemical characteristics and plankton abundance, growth of Indian and exotic major carps (5 species), species combination and stocking densities, gross and net fish production in a fish pond situated at Siswan block of district Siwan known as Mahendra Nath Pokhara besides studying the economics of fish farming in a rural pond of Siwan district. The details have been discussed in the paper.
40
Diversity of fish population of lentic water body Burhan Sagar, Jabalpur (M.P.).
Nidhi Singh, Sunita Gupta, K. K. Dubey and R. P. Mishra
Pages:
159-160
2019
December
Fish diversity, Burhan Sagar, Cyprinidae.
The ichthyo faunal diversity is a good indicator of health of aquatic ecosystem. A good piscine diversity represents the balanced ecosystem. The present research work was carried out to assess the fish diversity at Burhan Sagar pond Panagar, Jabalpur. Experiment was design to assess biodiversity of fish population of lentic water body Burhan Sagar Panagar from July-December,2018. With the help of nets and fisherman various types of fish were caught from the pond and fishes were identified on the basis of their shape of mouth, barbells, colour. The fish fauna study unfolded the depleting conditions as the survey conducted in the fish market and among fishermen community revealed disappearance of many species and deteriorating quality of existing species. Overall study revealed that fish diversity along this region was less in comparison to previous years. Study of this nature is important for restoration of water bodies and revival of fish diversity and improving livelihood of poor fisherman community in the rural area.
41
Bio-systematic studies on Silurotaenia yamagutii sp.nov. (Cestoda : Proteocephalidae Laure,1911) of freshwater fish Mystus seenghala (Sykes,1839).
Vikram Satwarao Deshmukh, Sanjay S. Nanware, Dhanraj B. Bhure and R. M. Dhondge
Pages:
161-164
2019
December
Bio-Systematic, Cestode, Mystus seenghala Sykes 1839, Silurotaenia yamagutii Sp.Nov.
During survey of piscean helminths, 22 out of 120 freshwater fish Mystus seenghala (Sykes,1839) from Kandhar, dist. Nanded (M.S.) were found infected with 32 cestode parasites during February,2011-January,2013. Cestodes were identified on the basis of their morphological characteristics. After staining, drawing by using Camera lucida, the results showed that cestode was Silurotaenia (Nybelin,1942). Silurotaenia yamagutii Sp.Nov. comes closer to all the known species of genus Silurotaenia in general topography of organ but differs due to Scolex triangular, bears pair of suckers, suckers oval to rounded, muscular, rosetellum medium, oval to rounded, lies at the anterior extremity of scolex, rostellum surrounded by 14-16 hooks, arranged in circle, 'V' shaped, neck absent, mature proglottids four times broader than long, testes small, oval to rounded, evenly distributed all over the proglottid, 70-75 in numbers, pre-ovarian, cirrus pouch cylindrical, lie near anterior side of proglottid, cirrus thin curved tube, vas deferens long, thin tube, vagina thin tube, arises from posterior side of the cirrus pouch, forms receptaculum seminis, genital pore oval, marginal, ootype small, oval, ovary large, bilobed, dumbbell shaped, excretory canals long tube and vitellaria follicular, arranged in two rows.
42
Report on occurrence and diversity of trematode parasites of freshwater fishes from Nanded district of Maharashtra.
Sanjay Shamrao Nanware, Dhanraj Bhalbhim Bhure and R. M. Dhondge
Pages:
165-166
2019
December
Diversity, Freshwater fishes, Nanded district of Maharashtra, Trematode parasites.
Freshwater fishes serve as hosts to a number of digenetic trematodes. A survey on seven species of freshwater fishes from different collection sites of Nanded district during Feb.,2017-Jan.,2019 reveled a total of 7 digenetic trematodes belonging to the genus Azygia (Looss,1899), Orientocredium (Tubangui,1931), Eumasenia (Srivastava, 1951), Isoparorchis (Southwell,1913), Euclinostomum (Travassos,1928), Phyllodistomum (Braun,1899 and) Masenia (Chatterji,1933) from four orders viz. Prosostomata (Odhner,1905), Hemiuroidea; Diplostomida; Plagiorchiida (La Rue,1957) and six families viz. Azygiidae (Odhner,1911), Allocreadidae (Stossich,1903), Maseniidae (Yamaguti,1954); Isoparorchiidae (Travassos,1922), Clinostomatidae and Gorgoderidae (Looss,1899). This survey provides baseline data for the future monitoring of these potentially important parasitic infections of freshwater fishes in this region.
43
Studies on influence of intestinal cestodes on the blood picture of freshwater fish Clarias batrachus, Linnaeus,1758.
Dhanraj Bhalbhim Bhure, Mahesh Uttamrao Barshe and Sanjay Shamrao Nanware
Pages:
167-168
2019
December
Blood profile, Clarias batrachus, Lytocestus elongatus.
Present study was performed to determine the changes in the blood picture of the freshwater fish Clarias batrachus naturally infected with intestinal cestodes during February,2013-January,2015 from Latur district. Blood profiling of freshwater fish Clarias batrachus infected with cestode (Lytocestus elongatus) showed significant increase in size of RBC and number of WBC; however significantly lower values of RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV in infected Clarias batrachus as compared with normal one. The haematological parameters of the infected fish Clarias batrachus shows high infection cause macrocytic anaemia, lymphocytosis due to deficiency of related factors. Conspicuous changes in the blood picture of cestode infected freshwater fish Clarias batrachus indicate host-parasite interaction as well as the triggering of defense mechanism in the host against infection.
44
Studies on hymenolepididean cestode genus Vampirolepis (Spassky,1954) from Acridotherus tristis with description of new species.
G. D. Gore and S. S. Nanware
Pages:
169-170
2019
December
Cestode, Hymenolepididaen, Vampirolepis.
The present paper deals with new species of genus Vampirolepis (Spassy,1954) from the intestine of Acridotherus tristis. The new form differs from all known species of genus with scolex distinctly marked off from strobila, oval rostellum, mature proglottids broader than long, testes three in number, elongated cirrus pouch, vas deference thin, straight, ovary distinctly bilobed, vitelline gland post ovarian, genital pore unilateral.
45
A new species of genus Neyraia singhi n.sp. (Eucestoda : Biuterinidae) from pycnonotus cafer at Kallam (M.S.).
D. V. Menkudle
Pages:
171-172
2019
December
Neyraia, Rostellar hooks, Vitelline gland, Picnonotus cafer.
Present communication deals with the new species Neyraia singhi. It differs from known species of the genus with the characters, scolex large, dome shaped, tapering anteriorly, broad posteriorly, rostellum is armed, medium, oval, with numerous rose thorn shaped hooks, suckers medium, oval, 4 in number, neck is short, mature segment medium in size, broader than long, testes are medium, oval, in a single field, 16 in numbers, cirrus pouch is medium, elongated, cirrus thin, slightly curved, ovary medium, bilobed, ootype is small, rounded, postovarian vitelline gland large in size.
46
Studies on cestode genus Pseudandrya Fuhrmann,1943 (Cestoda : Hymenolepididae) in Myotis mystacinus.
G. D. Gore, S. S. Nanware and K. G. Gaikwad
Pages:
173-174
2019
December
Cestode, Pseudandrya, Hymenolepididea, Myotis mystacinus.
The present study deals an account of new species of mammalian cestode of genus Pseudandrya (Fuhrmann,1943). The new species is characterized by oval scolex, mature segments, broder than long, testes 18 number, cirrus pouch small, vas deferens long, thin, ovary bilobed, genital pore unilateral, vitelline gland compact, uterus saccular.
47
A new species of genus Ophiovalipora benghalensis Hsu,1935 (Eucestoda : Dilepidae) from Coracias benghalensis at Tuljapur (M.S.).
D. V. Menkudle
Pages:
175-176
2019
December
Ophiovalipora, Rostellar hooks, Coracias benghalensis
Present communication deals with the new species Ophiovalipora benghalensis. It differs from known species of the genus with the characters, scolex small, oval, larger than broad, rostellum is armed, medium, with two rows of hooks, suckers 4 in number, neck is longer than broad, mature segment medium in size, squarish, testes are medium, oval, 40 in number, cirrus pouch is medium, cylindrical, cirrus curved, ovary medium, bilobed, ootype is oval, postovarian vitelline gland medium in size.
48
Redescription of Masenia collata Chatterji,1933 (Trematoda : Maseniidae, Yamaguti,1954), a parasite of catfish, Wallago attu Bleeker,1851.
Vikram Satwarao Deshmukh, Sanjay Shamrao Nanware and Dhanraj Balbhim Bhure
Pages:
177-178
2019
December
Maseniidae, Masenia collata, Trematodes, Wallago attu.
During collection of Piscean trematode parasites, Twenty Seven trematode were collected from the Sixteen infected intestines out of One Hundred Twenty examined freshwater fish host Wallago attu (Bleeker,1851) at Bhokar dist. Nanded (M.S.) during the period of February,2011-January,2013 and identified as Masenia collata Chatterji,1933. The present form comes closer to previously described species Masenia collata Chatterji,1933 in having body ovoid, elongated, pharynx muscular, genital pore pre-acetabular, ovary oval and follicular vitellaria, but differs due to body non spinose, oral sucker triangular, ovary post-testicular and testes pre-ovarian.
49
Morphotaxonomic studies on Ptychobothrium follicularis sp.nov. (Cestoda : Ptychobothridae Luhe, 1902) from Channa punctata.
Sanjay Shamrao Nanware, Kanchan Gulabrao Gaikwad and Dhanraj Balbhim Bhure
Pages:
179-181
2019
December
Cestode, Channa punctata, Ptychobothridae, Ptychobothrium follicularis Sp.Nov.
The Present study deals with morphotaxonomy of a new species of Pseudophyllidean Cestode of the genus Ptychobothrium (Loennberg,1889) collected from intestine of freshwater fish, Channa punctata at Mahur, Hadgaon, dist. Nanded (M.S.) during February,2013-January,2015. Ptychobothrium follicularis Sp.Nov. comes closer to all known species of genus Ptychobothrium (Loennberg,1889) in general topography of organs but differs due to Scolex tubular, measures 0.715 x 0.217 mm, Bothria distinctly two lobed, 0.625 x 0.084 mm, neck absent, testes 30-35 in numbers, 0.047 x 0.058 mm and collected from Channa punctata.
50
Studies on Azygia gigantica sp.nov. (Digenea : Azygiidae Odhner,1911) of freshwater fish Channa punctata (Bloch).
Kanchan Gulabrao Gaikwad, Sanjay Shamrao Nanware and Dhanraj Balbhim Bhure
Pages:
182-184
2019
December
Azygia, Azygidae, Channa punctata, Digenea.
Genus Azygia Looss,1899 (Trematoda : Azygiidae Odhner,1911) is one of the most important digenean trematode parasite with wide geographic distribution in the world. The purpose of the present study was to describe morphological and morphometrical characteristics of digenetic trematodes. Present study deals with bio-systematic studies of Azygia gigantica Sp.Nov. collected from intestine of Channa punctata. It comes closer to known valid species of the genus Azygia (Looss,1899) in general topography of organs but differs due to body elongated, medium, nonspinose, oral sucker small, sub-terminal, spherical, ventral sucker spherical, pre-equatorial, Pre-pharynx absent, testes are oval in shape, lies side by side, pre-ovarian, anterior testis is slightly larger than posterior one, cirrus pouch elongated, pyriform, pre-acetabular, ovary compact, post testicular, vitellaria follicular, small, uterus lies between ovary and posterior border of acetabulum, eggs elongated and non-operculated.
51
Prevalence of nematode parasites in American cockroach Periplaneta americana (L.) from Aurangabad city (M.S.).
S. V. Gavali, Ashok Mote and S. N. Borde
Pages:
185-187
2019
December
Aurangabad, Cockroaches, Entomoparasitic, Nematodes.
The present study is carried out to detect and isolate the entomoparatic nematodes from Periplaneta americana. Cockroaches were collected from different residential areas of Aurangabad city, identified and dissected. Nematode parasites are isolated from gut of cockroaches.70 cockroaches were dissected, 77% cockroaches were infected. Nematodes found Hammerschimidtiella diesingi, larva, adult females, eggs, Leidynema appendiculata, Thelastoma bulhoesi. This study shows that cockroaches are potenial carrier of nematodes parasites since these parasites can transferred t Aurangabad o humans.
52
Studies on a new species of genus Senga Dollfus,1934 (Cestoda : Ptychobothridae) from intestine of Mystus seenghala Sykes,1839.
P. S. Bele, G. D. Gore and S. S. Nanware
Pages:
189-191
2019
December
Cestodes, Freshwater fish, Mystus seenghala, Ptychobothridae, Senga.
Senga banshelkinesis, a new cestode species from the intestine of freshwater fish M.seenghala has been described and compared with the other known species of the genus Senga in the lunes of work by Dollfus (1934). It differs from all the known species of the genus in having triangular scolex, 37 rostellar hooks, Mature segment broader than long, testes 160 in numbers and follicular Vitellaria.
53
Taxonomic studies on avian cestode of the genus Cotugnia Diamare,1893 (Cestoda : Davaineidae Fuhrmann,1907) from Gallus gallus domesticus with description of new species.
Mahesh Uttamrao Barshe, Dhanraj Balbhim Bhure, Sanjay S. Nanware and R. M. Dhondge
Pages:
193-198
2019
December
Cestoda, Cotugnia rectangulata Sp.Nov., Davaineidae, Gallus gallus domesticus.
Present investigation deals with a new species of the genus Cotugnia, Diamare,1893 from the intestine of Gallus gallus domesticus, from Latur (M.S.). The new species Cotugnia rectangulata Sp.Nov. comes closer to all known species of the genus Cotugnia in general topography of organ but differs due to rectangular hold fast organ, muscular suckers four in numbers, oval to rounded in shape, located in two groups, rostellum small in size, oval in shape, lies in anterior region of hold fast organ, having rostellar ring with 18-20 Rostellar hooks, mature progloltids wider, testes 7585 in numbers, oval to rounded in shape, Cirrus sac cylindrical, Cirrus short tubular, lies within the cirrus sac, vas deferens thin, tubular and ovarian lobe bean shaped.
54
A new record of the species of genus Avitellina caprae sp.nov. from Capra hircus at Hingoli (M.S.).
Shivaji B. Pawar
Pages:
199-200
2019
December
Avitellina carpae sp.nov., Capra hircus, Hingoli.
The present form Avitellina caprae n.sp. comes closer to many described species of genus Avitellina, but it differs from them in the shape & size of scolex, number of testes, shape & position, size of ovary, in the shape & size of strobila, shape of uterus & position of genital pore.
55
An overview on bacterial origin of cancer.
Mohammad Salim, Mohammad Shahid Masroor and Shagufta Parween
Pages:
201-207
2019
December
Bacterial cancers, Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella typhi.
The microbial origin of cancer especially caused by the bacteria has been studied in much detail for the last two decades. There are several bacteria documented to cause cancer in human. Helicobacter pylori and Salmonella typhi cause stomach and gallbladder cancers in human respectively. Despite these two important bacteria causing cancer in human there are other bacteria on record to cause a variety of cancers in human. The present paper is an attempt to review the current status of bacteria producing cancer in human on the basis of researches done so far in the same field.
56
Antifungal activity of Peristrophe paniculata against Colletotrichum capsici.
Uma Chaurasiya and Sapan Patel
Pages:
209-212
2019
December
Anthracnose, Colletotrichum capsici, Peristrophe paniculata
Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) has diverse application ranging from kitchen to industries for various purpose. Chilli plant is highly susceptible toward the various pathogen and fungi as C.capsici, is prominent among them. The control of C.capsici demand higher concentration of fungicides and its residue lead to deterioration of soil quality. Hence, there is immediate need of green method which can control C.capsici with zero side effects. Further, an investigation was conducted to inhibit the growth of C.capsici through the plant extract of P.paniculata. Stem, leaf and inflorescence extracts of P.paniculata was screened against C.capsici. Results showed that ethanolic leaf extract was found more effective to inhibit the fungal growth in comparison to stem and inflorescence. Aqueous extract of stem and inflorescence expressed slightly growth inhibition activity of fungus whereas aqueous leaf extract was not inhibited fungal growth. It can be concluded from the current investigation that P.paniculata control the C.capsici growth and used as a sustainable method of anthracnose disease.
57
Determination of extractive percentage of Aegle marmelos.
Vasant B. Kadam and Nitin B. Khairnar
Pages:
213-215
2019
December
Water, Alcohol and ether soluble extractive, Medicinal plant, Aegle marmelos.
Aegle marmelos (Linn) Correa, commonly known as bael or (bel), belonging to the family Rutaceae, is a moderate sized, slender and aromatic tree. A number of chemical constituents and various therapeutic effects of Aegle marmelos have been reported by different workers. The seasonal variation of water soluble extractive, alcohol soluble extractive and ether soluble extractive have been investigated in leaves, wood, bark and root of Aegle marmelos. Comparative account of seasonal variations of water soluble extractive of leaves, wood, bark and root of Aegle marmelos was showed high level of water soluble extractive in leaves (range from 3.70%-4.60 %), alcohol soluble extractive in leaves (range from 3.75%-5.75%) and ether soluble extractive in leaves (range from 2.60%-3.85%) than wood, bark and root.
58
Ichthyofaunal diversity of Gangulpara dam of district Balaghat (M.P.)
Rajendra Singh Kushram, M. S. Markam and Shivesh Pratap Singh
Pages:
217-218
2019
December
Ichthyofaunal diversity, Gangulpara pond.
Fishes are valuable sources of high grade protein and other organic products. They occupy a significant position in the socio-economic fabric of any country by providing the population not only the nutritious food but also income and employment opportunities. The present paper deals with the study of diversity of fishes at Gangulpara pond of district Balaghat (M.P.) from February,2016 -January,2017. The Thirty seven fish species of the family Cyprinidae, Siluridae, Bagridae, Claridae, Notopteridae, Channidae, Mastacembelidae etc. were reported from this Gangulpara pond. The observation of fishes from commercial catches and those marketed indicate their wide distribution and availability in good number in Gangulpara pond.
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